{"id":1969,"date":"2014-11-03T16:44:28","date_gmt":"2014-11-03T15:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/?p=1969"},"modified":"2024-03-14T13:20:12","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T13:20:12","slug":"about-abrasives-for-sanding-wood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/about-abrasives-for-sanding-wood\/","title":{"rendered":"About Abrasives for Sanding Wood"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;What is the best way to sand and prepare wood?&#8221; is a query that we often get. We thought it&#8217;d help our customers to take an in-depth look at \n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/product-type\/accessories\/abrasives\" target=\"_blank\">\nabrasives<\/a> and which\u00a0sanding products\u00a0are best to use.<\/p>\n<h2>About abrasives &#8211; Know your sanding products<\/h2>\n<p>An\u00a0abrasive is a material, often a mineral, that&#8217;s\u00a0used to shape or finish a piece of wood through rubbing part of the surface away. It&#8217;s what you do before the finishing process, which usually\u00a0involves\u00a0polishing it to achieve\u00a0a smooth, reflective surface or even\u00a0roughening it to get a\u00a0satin, matt or beaded finish.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1988\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"560\"]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1988\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/sanding-abrasives.jpg\" alt=\"Abrasive Sanding Discs\" width=\"560\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/sanding-abrasives.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/sanding-abrasives-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/> Abrasive Sanding Discs[\/caption]\n\n--><\/p>\n<p>Abrasives are extremely commonplace and are used in a wide variety of industrial, domestic and technological applications. This means there&#8217;s a wide variety of\u00a0physical and chemical abrasives available, in all manner of compositions, shapes and sizes. They can be used for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grinding<\/li>\n<li>Polishing<\/li>\n<li>Buffing<\/li>\n<li>Honing<\/li>\n<li>Cutting<\/li>\n<li>Drilling<\/li>\n<li>Sharpening<\/li>\n<li>Lapping<\/li>\n<li>Sanding<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For simplicity&#8217;s sake, we use the word &#8216;mineral&#8217; to\u00a0cover both actual minerals and mineral-like substances, man-made and natural.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1991\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"560\"]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1991\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/floor-sanding-before-topcoat-wantin-com.jpg\" alt=\"Floor Sanding\" width=\"560\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/floor-sanding-before-topcoat-wantin-com.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/floor-sanding-before-topcoat-wantin-com-279x300.jpg 279w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/> Floor sanding before top coat - from wantin.com[\/caption]\n\n--><\/p>\n<h3>What is a coated abrasive?<\/h3>\n<p>A coated abrasive is an abrasive grain bonded to a flexible base like paper, cloth,\u00a0vulcanised fibre or plastic film. Sand paper is\u00a0an excellent\u00a0example. Such abrasives come in\u00a0various grit sizes, ranging from\u00a0a very coarse 2mm grain to\u00a0ultra fine grains of\u00a0less than a millimetre in diameter. As you can imagine some abrasives are better for certain jobs than others,\u00a0some are designed for working by hand and others specifically for use with machines like an orbital sander, belt sander or drum sander.<\/p>\n<h3>Which\u00a0abrasive to choose?<\/h3>\n<p>Obviously it&#8217;s important to choose the right abrasive for the job in hand, which means picking the right type of abrasive grain and the correct grit size. It helps enormously to know what&#8217;s in abrasives, because they&#8217;re all made differently.<\/p>\n<p>There are four types of abrasive grains commonly used in the wood flooring industry:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Aluminium Oxide or Ali oxide (alox)<\/li>\n<li>Silicon Carbide (Sic)<\/li>\n<li>Zircronium Dioxide or Zirconia (Zirc)<\/li>\n<li>Ceramic grain<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>About aluminium oxide sandpaper<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0This is a sharp,\u00a0blocky mineral, the most common\u00a0all-purpose woodworking abrasive for\u00a0a very good\u00a0reason. It is the only abrasive mineral that fragments under the heat and pressure generated by sanding wood. This characteristic is called <em>friability<\/em> and it&#8217;s highly desirable. As you sand, aluminum oxide renews its cutting edges constantly, staying sharp and cutting much longer than other minerals.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1993\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"560\"]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Sander.jpg\" alt=\"Disc sander\" width=\"560\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Sander.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Sander-300x245.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/> Disc sander[\/caption]\n\n--><\/p>\n<p>Aluminium oxide is also a relatively tough abrasive, which means\u00a0its edges don&#8217;t dull much before they fragment. Its excellent friability and toughness make it\u00a0the longest lasting and the most economical abrasive mineral.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Silicon Carbide sanding <\/strong>&#8211;\u00a0With silicon carbide abrasives, the grain macro-fractures. This means it breaks into smaller pieces which act to re-sharpen it before it goes dull.\u00a0Silicon carbide abrasives stay sharp until they die, but they die relatively quickly. This\u00a0makes it the least expensive option for belt sanders.<\/p>\n<p>There is only one kind of silicon carbide and it&#8217;s\u00a0harder and sharper than most aluminium oxides, making it the best\u00a0choice for cutting hard materials like\u00a0wood finishes, paint, plastic and metal. It&#8217;s also\u00a0a friable mineral, so hard that\u00a0sanding soft wood won&#8217;t make it\u00a0fragment and renew its cutting edges. Though it will sand faster at first, it will dull more quickly than aluminium oxide. It is also generally more expensive than aluminium oxide and is\u00a0perfect for sanding ceramic finishes\u00a0off wood floors.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zircronium Dioxide<\/strong> <strong>sand paper products<\/strong> &#8211; Zirconia alumina is an alloy &#8211; a mixture &#8211;\u00a0of zircon and aluminum oxide. Grey in colour,\u00a0it has a very long life and a fast cut rate even under heavy grinding stress. As the grain breaks down under heat and pressure, it fractures into smaller jagged pieces. Zirc, as the experts call it,\u00a0is good at dissipating heat, letting the grain\u00a0stay sharp for\u00a0longer than most other man made and naturally mined grains.<\/p>\n<p>Its impressive\u00a0durability makes it particularly\u00a0effective on difficult to grind and exotic metals and it doesn&#8217;t\u00a0fragment as much on wood as it does on metals, making it a fast solution with a long life, great for sanding wood, particularly the coarser grits.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sanding with ceramic grain<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0With ceramic grain abrasives, the grain micro-fractures and breaks down into smaller razor-like pieces many more times before it dulls. Ceramics come in a wide variety of shapes, from blocks and heavy wedges to flake-like shards. They are\u00a0invariably more costly and less common than other abrasive minerals as well as very tough and\u00a0highly\u00a0aggressive.<\/p>\n<p>The cost of ceramic sanding belts is usually around 50% higher than\u00a0most silicon carbide belts, it delivers\u00a0two to four times the performance. The performance\u00a0depends on the ratio of ceramic grain used, so be sure to ask your distributor or manufacturer to confirm exactly what\u00a0each product contains. 100% and 15% ceramic grain abrasives are very different.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1994\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"550\"]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Belt-Sander.jpg\" alt=\"Disc and belt sander\" width=\"550\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Belt-Sander.jpg 550w, https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Disc-Belt-Sander-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/> Combined disc and belt sander[\/caption]\n\n--><\/p>\n<h3>Which is the most cost-effective\u00a0abrasive for the job?<\/h3>\n<p>When choosing the perfect abrasive, it&#8217;s\u00a0important to separate the price and the cost. The price per belt will be higher for ceramic abrasives but the total\u00a0cost of the job &#8211; the product plus the time\/labour &#8211; will be significantly lower.<\/p>\n<h3>Choosing\u00a0the right sandpaper\u00a0grades<\/h3>\n<p>The final piece of the puzzle is grit selection. There&#8217;s a very\u00a0common misconception to avoid when dealing with aluminium oxide sandpaper: you don&#8217;t need to start with the\u00a0roughest grit you can find. Believe it or not, just because an abrasive feels more aggressive it doesn&#8217;t mean it really is.<\/p>\n<p>When you&#8217;re trying to abrade very hard materials, it&#8217;s best to take the\u00a0opposite approach. Think of it like a block of ice. Can you smash it with a mallet? More often than not, all you do is bounce the mallet off the ice, which remains undamaged. But if you chisel away at the ice with an ice pick, you penetrate it\u00a0with ease.<\/p>\n<p>When sanding with aluminium oxide, the\u00a0same principle\u00a0applies. Rather than start with the most aggressive grit, start with something less brutal and more fine, for example an 80 grit. You&#8217;ll find that the\u00a0finer sanding belt will break up the finish much more effectively, after which you&#8217;ll be able to move on to a\u00a0rougher grit to get the finish nice and flat.<\/p>\n<p>Mystery solved! It&#8217;s one of those essential facts that mean you no longer have to sweat over re-sanding pre-finished wood, whether it&#8217;s beautiful wood flooring, a piece of furniture\u00a0or something else altogether.\u00a0Good luck!<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_1992\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"560\"]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Sanding-Wood-furniture.jpg\" alt=\"Sanding wood furniture\" width=\"560\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Sanding-Wood-furniture.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.wood-finishes-direct.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Sanding-Wood-furniture-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/> Sanding wooden furniture[\/caption]\n\n--><\/p>\n<h3>Abrasives FAQ &#8211; Quick answers to popular wood sanding questions<\/h3>\n<p>Here are some rapid-fire answers to common floor sanding and other sanding questions. If you&#8217;re still lost in space and would really appreciate\u00a0some expert\u00a0advice, that&#8217;s no problem at all. Feel free to \n<a href=\"\/contact-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\ncall us or send us an email<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q:<\/strong> <strong>How to sand floorboards?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A: <\/strong>We&#8217;re often asked how to sand wood floors in general, and how to sand hardwood floors in particular. We&#8217;ve already\u00a0published\u00a0useful guides covering\u00a0the\u00a0question:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<a href=\"\/blog\/fine-art-sanding-wood-floor-sanding-guide-part-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\nThe Fine Art of Sanding &#8211; Wood Floor Sanding Guide Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\n<a href=\"\/blog\/wood-floor-maintenance-guide-part-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\nWood Floor Maintenance Guide Part 2<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You might need to be fairly aggressive at first if the boards are in\u00a0poor condition, then work your way down through the grits from coarse to medium to smooth, using\u00a0a grit of 120 with a 150 maximum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q: How to sand wood?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A: <\/strong>Always sand with the grain of the wood rather than against it. Sand several times if the timber is rough, working through the grit grades\u00a0to a smooth finish. A 120 or 150 grit final sand is usually perfect\u00a0for most wood finishes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q: How to prepare wood for painting?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A: <\/strong>If the paint is water-based, which many are, the wood must be free of\u00a0waxes or oils. You can get rid of them by either scrubbing the surface with\u00a0white spirit or sanding it. Use a primer, which\u00a0helps to give better protection as well as providing\u00a0a good <span id=\":1fp.1\" tabindex=\"-1\">base coat<\/span> for the paint to bond with.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q:\u00a0What is the best sandpaper for wood?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A: <\/strong>All\u00a0the sandpaper types we&#8217;ve talked about will work well. The different types of sandpaper are more about durability and cutting ability, so it really depends on the wood type, its condition and whether or not you&#8217;re trying to remove an\u00a0existing coating or wood\u00a0finish. If you&#8217;re stuck, \n<a href=\"\/contact-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\ngive us a call<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q: How to finish wood? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> It depends on the particular look you want to achieve and the purpose of the wood, whether it&#8217;s a floor or wall, internal or external wood, a piece of furniture, decking or a shed.\u00a0There are literally hundreds of wood finishing products on the market, everything from traditional\u00a0to contemporary finishes, including waxes, oils, polishes, sealers and varnishes.\u00a0We&#8217;ve organised our \n<a href=\"\/product-type\/accessories\/abrasives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\nsanding abrasives<\/a> logically\u00a0to make your choice easier.<\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3 marginb\" style=\"height: auto; overflow: auto; padding-bottom: 75%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"embed-responsive-item\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XtkIuWcW3cE\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;What is the best way to sand and prepare wood?&#8221; is a query that we often get. We thought it&#8217;d help our customers to take an in-depth look at abrasives and which\u00a0sanding products\u00a0are best to use. About abrasives &#8211; Know your sanding products An\u00a0abrasive is a material, often a mineral, that&#8217;s\u00a0used to shape or finish [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[322,335,325,326,315],"class_list":["post-1969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-product-spotlight","tag-diy","tag-wfd","tag-wfdirect","tag-wood-finishes-direct","tag-wood-finishing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>About Abrasives for Sanding Wood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Here&#039;s our detailed guide to sanding wood, complete with answers to a few common questions and a handy run-down of the different types of sand paper...\" \/>\n<meta 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